London
1.2 mi (2 km) around London
Air quality now
AQI 66
18.4%
tree cover
33.5K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
Europe · air quality report · 92 cities
Right now the 92 cities Airleaf measures in the United Kingdom average AQI 52 (moderate). The worst air is in Woking, at AQI 110, and the cleanest in Bradford, at AQI 6.
At ground stations alone, which measure rather than estimate, the average is AQI 50 across 84 cities. 1% of the 92 measured cities are over AQI 100 today, where the air stops being fine for sensitive groups, and 41% have Good air.
Average right now
AQI 52
Moderate
Updated . Lower is better on the US EPA index: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous. Measured by Airleaf.
United Kingdom · average AQI 52
1.2 mi (2 km) around London
Air quality now
AQI 66
18.4%
tree cover
33.5K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
1.2 mi (2 km) around Central Retail District
Air quality now
AQI 53
13.3%
tree cover
52.3K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
1.2 mi (2 km) around City Centre
Air quality now
AQI 55
15.5%
tree cover
45.2K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
1.2 mi (2 km) around Glasgow
Air quality now
AQI 63
19.9%
tree cover
30.6K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
1.2 mi (2 km) around Sheffield City Centre
Air quality now
AQI 40
26.3%
tree cover
11.6K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
1.2 mi (2 km) around Leeds City Centre
Air quality now
AQI 23
15.7%
tree cover
44.8K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
1.2 mi (2 km) around Edinburgh New Town
Air quality now
AQI 53
31.0%
tree cover
Healthy tree cover
1.2 mi (2 km) around Liverpool
Air quality now
AQI 33
12.9%
tree cover
47.9K more trees would reach 30% tree cover
Across the country
1% of the 92 measured cities are over AQI 100 today, where the air stops being fine for sensitive groups, and 41% have Good air. Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
92 measured cities
Every measured city, including model estimates where no ground station is near.
In aggregate
Every figure below is read the same way over the same 1.2 mi (2 km) area per city, so they add up and compare like for like. Averaged across the 92 of 92 cities measured so far in the United Kingdom.
Excludes barren and desert sites
Against everywhere else
Right now the cities of the United Kingdom average cleaner air than 52% of the 171 countries Airleaf has enough cities to average, and more tree cover than 58%.
Cleaner air than…
More tree cover than…
See the most polluted and cleanest air rankings for every country.
No. Airleaf shows the US EPA Air Quality Index (AQI), the scale used by IQAir and most air-quality apps. The UK's Daily Air Quality Index (DAQI), published by Defra, runs from 1 to 10: 1–3 low, 4–6 moderate, 7–9 high and 10 very high. It is a different scale altogether, so a US AQI figure can't be read on it directly; both, though, are built from the same main pollutants, with fine particles (PM2.5) usually the one that decides the reading.
Deforestation · 2001–2025
Since 2001, the United Kingdom has lost about 607,000 hectares of forest (about 6,100 km²): 17% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it was lost to logging, so much of it can grow back. About 15,700 hectares (2.6%) was deforestation: forest cleared for good for farms, mines or towns.
Hectares of forest lost each year
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 4,070 ha | 19,000 ha | 23,100 ha |
| 2002 | 1,390 ha | 18,500 ha | 19,900 ha |
| 2003 | 195 ha | 1,660 ha | 1,860 ha |
| 2004 | 1,100 ha | 23,600 ha | 24,700 ha |
| 2005 | 607 ha | 8,220 ha | 8,830 ha |
| 2006 | 1,130 ha | 19,800 ha | 21,000 ha |
| 2007 | 957 ha | 30,000 ha | 31,000 ha |
| 2008 | 544 ha | 11,900 ha | 12,400 ha |
| 2009 | 1,140 ha | 36,300 ha | 37,400 ha |
| 2010 | 977 ha | 27,300 ha | 28,300 ha |
| 2011 | 442 ha | 21,900 ha | 22,300 ha |
| 2012 | 491 ha | 34,800 ha | 35,300 ha |
| 2013 | 285 ha | 28,000 ha | 28,300 ha |
| 2014 | 351 ha | 29,800 ha | 30,100 ha |
| 2015 | 146 ha | 23,700 ha | 23,800 ha |
| 2016 | 237 ha | 28,400 ha | 28,600 ha |
| 2017 | 193 ha | 22,700 ha | 22,900 ha |
| 2018 | 204 ha | 25,800 ha | 26,000 ha |
| 2019 | 190 ha | 28,000 ha | 28,100 ha |
| 2020 | 133 ha | 22,500 ha | 22,600 ha |
| 2021 | 99 ha | 25,900 ha | 26,000 ha |
| 2022 | 263 ha | 33,600 ha | 33,800 ha |
| 2023 | 134 ha | 21,300 ha | 21,500 ha |
| 2024 | 139 ha | 22,500 ha | 22,700 ha |
| 2025 | 259 ha | 26,100 ha | 26,300 ha |
Forest loss has stayed about the same: about 26,100 hectares a year in 2021–2025, against 25,700 hectares a year in 2016–2020. The worst year was 2009, when about 37,400 hectares of forest were lost.
Also: towns and roads, storms, floods and other natural causes, mining and energy, unknown causes.
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. How it's measured
13.5% of the United Kingdom was forested as of 2024, against a 30% benchmark. Closing that gap nationally would take roughly 4.0B trees across 4.0M hectares. Source: World Bank (FAO).
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Frequently asked
Right now the 92 cities Airleaf measures in the United Kingdom average AQI 52 (moderate). The worst air is in Woking, at AQI 110, and the cleanest in Bradford, at AQI 6. At ground stations alone, which measure rather than estimate, the average is AQI 50 across 84 cities. 1% of the 92 measured cities are over AQI 100 today, where the air stops being fine for sensitive groups, and 41% have Good air.
Woking, at AQI 110 (Unhealthy for sensitive groups) on the US EPA index. Sensitive groups should limit long or intense outdoor activity.
Bradford, at AQI 6 (Good). Both lists rank current readings, from ground stations wherever the United Kingdom has at least three cities with one.
It depends on the city. 38 cities are Good, 53 cities are Moderate, 1 city is Unhealthy for sensitive groups. At the national average of AQI 52: Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
About 607,000 ha from 2001 to 2025, 17% of the forest it had in 2000, from the University of Maryland's yearly satellite maps of forest loss. 15,700 ha of it was cleared for good, for farms, mines or towns.
Woking, with 54.3% tree cover within 1.2 mi (2 km) of its center, measured from Sentinel-2 satellite images.
Each city's reading is the US EPA air quality index, from ground monitoring stations where one has reported recently nearby, and from the CAMS atmospheric model elsewhere; each city's report says which. the UK's Daily Air Quality Index is a different scale, explained on this page. Tree cover is measured over the same 1.2 mi (2 km) radius in every city, so the cities compare like for like.
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