Country comparison
Pakistan vs Spain
Averaged across every city Airleaf has measured in each country — 127 in Pakistan and 57 in Spain — each read the same way: Sentinel-2 imagery at 10 m detail over a 2 km radius, and the live US EPA air quality index.
Pakistan averages more tree cover — 29.7% against 18.6%.
Spain averages cleaner air — AQI 39 against 127.
- Tree cover gap
- 11.0 points
- Pakistan is ahead.
- Air quality gap
- 88 AQI
- Spain is cleaner.
- Cities behind it
- 127 vs 57
- How much each average rests on.
Average tree cover
Mean across measured cities, each over the same 2 km radius.
29.7%
18.6%
Average air quality index
US EPA index. Lower is better.
127
39
Cities measured
How much each average rests on.
127
57
Trees still needed
Summed across measured cities, to reach their canopy targets. Fewer is better.
4.4M
2.1M
Behind the averages
The extremes in each country
An average says nothing about how far apart the best and worst places are. These are the measured cities at each end.
Reading these numbers
What a country average is, and is not
It is a mean of cities
Not a national statistic. Each figure is the average across the cities Airleaf has measured in that country — 127 in Pakistan and 57 in Spain — each read over the same 2 km radius. Rural land, forest and everywhere unmeasured are not in it, so this compares urban areas rather than territories.
Coverage shapes the number
A country measured mostly in its capital reads differently from one measured across dozens of towns. Pakistan rests on 127 cities against 57, so its average is the steadier of the two. Both firm up as coverage grows.
Frequently asked
Pakistan and Spain, answered
Which country has more tree cover, Pakistan or Spain?
Pakistan, averaging 29.7% across its measured cities against 18.6% — a gap of 11.0 percentage points.
Which has cleaner air, Pakistan or Spain?
Spain, averaging AQI 39 against 127 on the US EPA index. These are live readings averaged across cities, so the gap moves with the weather.
How many cities is each figure based on?
127 measured cities in Pakistan and 57 in Spain. Every one was read the same way, so the two averages are directly comparable — but a country with more measured cities has the more settled figure.
Is this the whole country?
No. It is the cities Airleaf has measured, each over a 2 km radius from its centre. Forest, farmland and unmeasured towns are not included, so treat this as a comparison of urban tree cover and urban air rather than of national land cover.
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