Country comparison · 201 cities measured
Bangladesh vs Indonesia Air quality index (AQI) and deforestation
Indonesia has cleaner air than Bangladesh right now: its cities average AQI 81 against 132.
At ground stations alone, which measure rather than estimate, the averages are Bangladesh 215 (9 cities) and Indonesia 96 (39 cities). Indonesia has lost more forest since 2001. Bangladesh has more tree cover in its cities.
Average of 45 cities
AQI 132
Unhealthy for sensitive groups
Cleaner on average
- At ground stations
- AQI 215
- Tree cover
- 52.9%
- Forest lost since 2001
- 263,000 ha
Average of 156 cities
AQI 81
Moderate
Cleaner on average
- At ground stations
- AQI 96
- Tree cover
- 28.0%
- Forest lost since 2001
- 33 million ha
Updated . Lower is better on the US EPA index: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous. Measured by Airleaf.
Bangladesh132Indonesia81
Head to head
Bangladesh vs Indonesia at a glance
Bangladesh and Indonesia are level, each ahead on 3 of 6 measures. The better figure in each row is marked.
| Bangladesh | Indonesia | |
|---|---|---|
| Average air qualityUS AQI, all measured cities. | 132 | 81 (better) |
| At ground stationsCities with a current station reading. | 215 | 96 (better) |
| Cities over AQI 100Not fine for sensitive groups. | 53% | 19% (better) |
| Forest lost since 2001The whole country. | 263,000 ha (better) | 33 million ha |
| Share of its forest lostOf what it had in 2000. | 14% (better) | 21% |
| Average tree coverAcross its measured cities. | 52.9% (better) | 28.0% |
Air quality today
Is Indonesia cleaner than Bangladesh?
On air quality, yes, right now. Indonesia has cleaner air than Bangladesh right now: its cities average AQI 81 against 132.
At ground stations alone, which measure rather than estimate, the averages are Bangladesh 215 (9 cities) and Indonesia 96 (39 cities).
53% of the measured cities in Bangladesh are over AQI 100 today, the point where the air stops being fine for sensitive groups, against 19% in Indonesia.
How each country's cities split across the air quality bands
Bangladesh
- Good2 (4%)
- Moderate19 (42%)
- Unhealthy for sensitive groups8 (18%)
- Unhealthy9 (20%)
- Very unhealthy7 (16%)
Indonesia
- Good31 (20%)
- Moderate95 (61%)
- Unhealthy for sensitive groups14 (9%)
- Unhealthy15 (10%)
- Very unhealthy1 (1%)
Every measured city, including model estimates where no ground station is near.
Against everywhere else
How do Bangladesh and Indonesia compare with other countries?
Right now the cities of Bangladesh average cleaner air than 2% of the 171 countries Airleaf has enough cities to average, and those of Indonesia than 12%.
Cleaner air than…
- Bangladesh
- Beats 2%
- Indonesia
- Beats 12%
More tree cover than…
- Bangladesh
- Beats 98%
- Indonesia
- Beats 61%
Deforestation · 2001–2025
Which country has lost more forest, Bangladesh or Indonesia?
Indonesia has lost more: about 33 million ha of forest from 2001 to 2025, against 263,000 ha in Bangladesh, or 125 times as much. 25 million ha of Indonesia's was cleared for good, for farms, mines or towns; the rest burned, was logged or can grow back.
The whole country, from the yearly satellite maps of forest loss: unlike the city averages above, this counts every forest, not just the land around cities.
Worst year: 2017, with 27,500 ha lost.
Worst year: 2016, with 2.41 million ha lost.
| Bangladesh | Indonesia | |
|---|---|---|
| Forest lost since 2001Cleared, burned or logged. | 263,000 ha (better) | 33 million ha |
| Share of its forestOf what it had in 2000. | 14% (better) | 21% |
| Cleared for goodTurned into farms, mines or towns. | 49,400 ha (better) | 25 million ha |
| Recent trend2021–2025 against the five years before. | Slowing down | Holding steady |
| Main known cause | Shifting farming (73%) | Farms, pasture and plantations (73%) |
Trees
Which country has more tree cover, Bangladesh or Indonesia?
Bangladesh does: its measured cities average 52.9% tree cover against 28.0%, a gap of 24.9 percentage points.
| Bangladesh | Indonesia | |
|---|---|---|
| Trees standingSummed across measured cities. | 7.0M | 12.9M (better) |
| Cities below their targetShort of the canopy target. | 18% (better) | 67% |
| Trees still neededTo reach those targets. | 330K (better) | 3.9M |
Behind the averages
The cities behind Bangladesh and Indonesia
An average says nothing about how far apart the best and worst places are. These are the measured cities at each end.
Indonesia
- Greenest measured city
- Subulussalam75.8% tree cover
- Worst air right now
- ParungAQI 153
Reading these numbers
What a country average is, and is not
It is a mean of cities
Not a national statistic. Each figure is the average across the cities Airleaf has measured: 45 in Bangladesh and 156 in Indonesia, each read over the same 2 km radius, on the US EPA index. Rural land and unmeasured towns are not in it.
Coverage shapes the number
A country measured mostly in its capital reads differently from one measured across dozens of towns. Indonesia rests on 156 cities against 45, so its average is the steadier of the two. Forest figures come from the University of Maryland's Global Forest Change maps.
Frequently asked
Bangladesh vs Indonesia: your questions answered
Is Indonesia cleaner than Bangladesh?
On air quality, yes, right now: Indonesia's cities average AQI 81 against 132 on the US EPA index. These are live readings averaged across cities, so the gap moves with the weather. At ground stations alone, which measure rather than estimate, the averages are Bangladesh 215 (9 cities) and Indonesia 96 (39 cities).
Which country has lost more forest, Bangladesh or Indonesia?
Indonesia has lost more: about 33 million ha of forest from 2001 to 2025, against 263,000 ha in Bangladesh, or 125 times as much. 25 million ha of Indonesia's was cleared for good, for farms, mines or towns; the rest burned, was logged or can grow back.
Which country has more tree cover, Bangladesh or Indonesia?
Bangladesh does: its measured cities average 52.9% tree cover against 28.0%, a gap of 24.9 percentage points.
How many cities are the Bangladesh and Indonesia figures based on?
45 measured cities in Bangladesh and 156 in Indonesia. Every one was read the same way, so the two averages are directly comparable, but a country with more measured cities has the more settled figure.
Why are there two air quality averages for each country?
The first covers every measured city, using a ground station where one is close and a model estimate everywhere else. The second counts only cities with a current station reading, which is measured rather than estimated but covers fewer places. Airleaf's world rankings use the station figures only.
Does this cover the whole of Bangladesh and Indonesia?
The air and tree figures are not: they are the cities Airleaf has measured, each over the same 2 km radius, so treat them as a comparison of urban air and urban tree cover. The forest figures are: they count every forest in the country.
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