City report · North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Manado Air quality today
Air quality in Manado currently reads AQI 28 (Good): Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
Air quality right now
AQI 28
Good
- PM2.5, fine particles (µg/m³)
- 4.4
- tree cover
- 26.8%
- trees in this area
- 79.1K
- more trees needed
- 9.4K
Measured across a 2 km radius around Manado, Manado City, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (12.57 km²), from a satellite image of Sep 26, 2026. Lower AQI is better: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous.
Manado · AQI 28 (Good)
Manado's tree count comes to 79,059 trees across 11.8 km² of land, 3 points below the 30% tree-cover level considered healthy for this area, so roughly 9,440 more trees would close the gap.
Air quality detail
Air quality in Manado today: AQI 28, Good
Main pollutant: PM2.5 · Observed Nov 11, 18:00 local time via Open-Meteo / CAMS, US EPA index. Values in µg/m³.
Model estimate · no ground station nearby
Health signal
Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
PM2.5
4.4
PM10
5.6
NO₂
3.4
O₃
38.0
SO₂
1.9
CO
882.0
- Outdoor exercise
- A good day to be active outside
- Windows
- Open them to air the house
- Mask
- Not needed
- Air purifier
- Not needed
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Manado's daily AQI at 31 on average, from 16 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 68 on Nov 5.
This is the US EPA AQI. How it differs from Indonesia's ISPU
Where Manado stands: the most polluted cities in the world right now · the cleanest
Tree cover detail
Tree cover in Manado: Below target
26.8% tree cover against a 30% healthy-neighborhood target, across 11.8 km² of land.
Trees in this area
79,059
Target trees
88,499
More trees needed
9,440
CO₂ if planted / yr
207.7 t
Deforestation · 2001–2025
How much forest has Manado lost?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Manado has lost about 1,810 hectares of forest (about 2,500 football pitches): 10% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (98%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads.
2017: satellite photo from September 2017 of a 5 × 5 km area about 7 km southeast of the city center.
- Forest lost since 2001
- 1,810 haabout 2,500 football pitches
- Share of its forest
- 10%of what there was in 2000
- Cleared for good
- 1,770 hadeforestation: turned into farms, mines or towns
Forest loss is slowing down: about 51 hectares a year in 2021–2025, down from 91 hectares a year in 2016–2020. The worst year was 2019, when about 257 hectares of forest were lost.
Hectares of forest lost each year
Show the figures as a table
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 48 ha | under 1 ha | 49 ha |
| 2002 | 49 ha | under 1 ha | 50 ha |
| 2003 | 17 ha | under 1 ha | 17 ha |
| 2004 | 98 ha | under 1 ha | 98 ha |
| 2005 | 41 ha | 2 ha | 42 ha |
| 2006 | 53 ha | 3 ha | 56 ha |
| 2007 | 68 ha | 1 ha | 70 ha |
| 2008 | 36 ha | under 1 ha | 37 ha |
| 2009 | 174 ha | 3 ha | 177 ha |
| 2010 | 57 ha | under 1 ha | 57 ha |
| 2011 | 97 ha | under 1 ha | 98 ha |
| 2012 | 52 ha | 1 ha | 53 ha |
| 2013 | 24 ha | under 1 ha | 24 ha |
| 2014 | 93 ha | under 1 ha | 94 ha |
| 2015 | 171 ha | 8 ha | 179 ha |
| 2016 | 45 ha | 10 ha | 55 ha |
| 2017 | 53 ha | under 1 ha | 54 ha |
| 2018 | 49 ha | under 1 ha | 50 ha |
| 2019 | 256 ha | 1 ha | 257 ha |
| 2020 | 38 ha | under 1 ha | 39 ha |
| 2021 | 38 ha | under 1 ha | 39 ha |
| 2022 | 34 ha | 2 ha | 36 ha |
| 2023 | 89 ha | under 1 ha | 89 ha |
| 2024 | 46 ha | under 1 ha | 47 ha |
| 2025 | 44 ha | under 1 ha | 44 ha |
What is causing deforestation around Manado?
- Towns and roadscleared for good55% · 999 ha
- Farms, pasture and plantationscleared for good42% · 768 ha
- Shifting farmingcan grow back1.8% · 33 ha
Also: mining and energy, wildfires, unknown causes.
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Forest gained and lost, 2000–2020
- Forest in 2000
- 20,300 ha
- Forest in 2020
- 19,100 ha
- Overall change
- −1,230 haless forest than in 2000
Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Manado shrank from about 20,300 hectares to 19,100 hectares, a net loss of about 1,230 hectares (−6.1%). New forest grew on about 68 hectares, but 1,300 hectares were lost.
These 2000 and 2020 maps, from the University of Maryland, count any land with trees taller than 5 m as forest, including plantations and orchards. Forest that was cut or burned and had grown back by 2020 counts in both years, so the loss here is smaller than the yearly figures.
These figures cover everything within 10 km of the city center, a wider area than the report above, because forest is usually lost at a city's edges.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. Forest gained and lost 2000–2020: Potapov et al. 2022, UMD GLAD Global Land Cover and Land Use Change, CC BY 4.0. Images: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. How it's measured
In the same region
Measured cities near Manado
Same 2 km radius, same index — so they compare directly.
- Bitung31.4 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 32%
- Air quality
- 57
- Kotamobagu101.7 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 46%
- Air quality
- 56
- Gorontalo224.7 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 26%
- Air quality
- 29
- Ternate292.2 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 27%
- Air quality
- 49
- Toli-Toli450.8 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 56%
- Air quality
- 18
- General Santos516.1 km
Philippines
- Tree cover
- 31%
- Air quality
- 6
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Frequently asked
Questions about Manado
What is the air quality (AQI) in Manado right now?
The latest reading for Manado shows an AQI of 28 (Good), observed Nov 11, 18:00 local time via Open-Meteo / CAMS, US EPA index. The main pollutant is PM2.5. Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
Is it safe to exercise outside in Manado today?
At AQI 28 (Good): a good day to be active outside. Windows: open them to air the house. Masks: not needed. The reading changes through the day, so check again before a long run or ride.
What has the air quality in Manado been like this week?
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Manado's daily AQI at 31 on average, from 16 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 68 on Nov 5. No day averaged above 100, the level where the air turns unhealthy for sensitive groups.
Is Manado's AQI the same as Indonesia's ISPU?
No. Airleaf shows the US EPA Air Quality Index (AQI), the scale used by IQAir and most air-quality apps. Indonesia's official index is the ISPU (Indeks Standar Pencemar Udara), published by the environment ministry from its own monitoring stations. Its bands are 0–50 Baik (good), 51–100 Sedang (moderate), 101–200 Tidak Sehat (unhealthy), 201–300 Sangat Tidak Sehat (very unhealthy) and over 300 Berbahaya (hazardous). The two indexes use different breakpoints and averaging times, so the same air can score differently on each.
How much forest has the area around Manado lost since 2001?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Manado has lost about 1,810 hectares of forest (about 2,500 football pitches): 10% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (98%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads. Forest loss is slowing down: about 51 hectares a year in 2021–2025, down from 91 hectares a year in 2016–2020. Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Manado shrank from about 20,300 hectares to 19,100 hectares, a net loss of about 1,230 hectares (−6.1%). New forest grew on about 68 hectares, but 1,300 hectares were lost.
What is the tree count in Manado?
Manado has an estimated 79,059 trees across the 11.8 km² of land measured — 26.8% tree cover, 3 percentage points short of the 30% tree-cover target set for this area.
How many more trees does Manado need?
Manado needs roughly 9,440 more trees to close a 3-point shortfall against its 30% tree-cover target — about 207.7 t of extra CO₂ absorbed per year once grown.
How are Manado's air quality and tree cover measured?
Air quality comes from ground monitoring stations via OpenAQ where one reports nearby, and otherwise, as here, from the Open-Meteo / CAMS model, which may differ from street-level monitors. Tree cover is measured from Sentinel-2 L2A (ESA Copernicus) via Earth Search satellite imagery at 10 m detail across a 2 km radius around Manado; the tree count is an estimate derived from that cover.
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