City report · South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Makassar Air quality today
Air quality in Makassar currently reads AQI 105 (Unhealthy for sensitive groups): Sensitive groups should limit long or intense outdoor activity.
Air quality right now
AQI 105
Unhealthy for sensitive groups
- PM2.5, fine particles (µg/m³)
- 37.1
- tree cover
- 8.3%
- trees in this area
- 26.1K
- more trees needed
- 83.9K
Measured across a 2 km radius around Makassar, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia (12.57 km²), from a satellite image of Sep 25, 2026. Lower AQI is better: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous.
Makassar · AQI 105 (Unhealthy for sensitive groups)
Makassar's tree count comes to 26,075 trees across 12.57 km², 27 points below the 35% tree-cover level considered healthy for this area, so roughly 83,881 more trees would close the gap.
Air quality detail
Air quality in Makassar today: AQI 105, Unhealthy for sensitive groups
Main pollutant: PM2.5 · Observed Nov 11, 21:00 local time via World Air Quality Index Project ground stations, US EPA index. Values in µg/m³.
Ground station · Maros, Indonesia, 22.8 km away
Health signal
Sensitive groups should limit long or intense outdoor activity.
PM2.5
37.1
PM10
—
NO₂
—
O₃
—
SO₂
—
CO
—
Data: World Air Quality Index Project, BMKG | Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika
- Outdoor exercise
- Children, older adults and people with asthma or heart disease should cut down long or hard exercise
- Windows
- Close them to keep the outside air out
- Mask
- Sensitive groups: an N95 outdoors
- Air purifier
- Run one, especially in bedrooms
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Makassar's daily AQI at 115 on average, from 103 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 172 on Nov 8.
This is the US EPA AQI. How it differs from Indonesia's ISPU
Where Makassar stands: the most polluted cities in the world right now · the cleanest
Tree cover detail
Tree cover in Makassar: Critically low
8.3% tree cover against a 35% healthy-neighborhood target, across 12.57 km².
Trees in this area
26,075
Target trees
109,956
More trees needed
83,881
CO₂ if planted / yr
1,845 t
Deforestation · 2001–2025
How much forest has Makassar lost?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Makassar has lost about 86 hectares of forest (about 120 football pitches): 5.7% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (84%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads.
2017: satellite photo from September 2017 of a 5 × 5 km area in the city center.
- Forest lost since 2001
- 86 haabout 120 football pitches
- Share of its forest
- 5.7%of what there was in 2000
- Cleared for good
- 73 hadeforestation: turned into farms, mines or towns
The worst year was 2023, when about 9 hectares of forest were lost.
Hectares of forest lost each year
Show the figures as a table
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 4 ha | 3 ha | 7 ha |
| 2002 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2003 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2004 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2005 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2006 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2007 | 2 ha | 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2008 | 5 ha | 2 ha | 7 ha |
| 2009 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2010 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2011 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2012 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2013 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2014 | 5 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2015 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2016 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2017 | 5 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2018 | 7 ha | under 1 ha | 7 ha |
| 2019 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2020 | 4 ha | under 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2021 | 4 ha | under 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2022 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2023 | 9 ha | under 1 ha | 9 ha |
| 2024 | 5 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2025 | 4 ha | 1 ha | 5 ha |
What is causing deforestation around Makassar?
- Towns and roadscleared for good75% · 64 ha
- Farms, pasture and plantationscleared for good10% · 9 ha
- Unknown causescause unknown16% · 14 ha
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Forest gained and lost, 2000–2020
- Forest in 2000
- 1,790 ha
- Forest in 2020
- 1,810 ha
- Overall change
- +18 hamore forest than in 2000
Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Makassar stayed about the same size, at about 1,810 hectares: new forest grew on about 165 hectares, and about 147 hectares were lost.
These 2000 and 2020 maps, from the University of Maryland, count any land with trees taller than 5 m as forest, including plantations and orchards. Forest that was cut or burned and had grown back by 2020 counts in both years, so the loss here is smaller than the yearly figures.
These figures cover everything within 10 km of the city center, a wider area than the report above, because forest is usually lost at a city's edges.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. Forest gained and lost 2000–2020: Potapov et al. 2022, UMD GLAD Global Land Cover and Land Use Change, CC BY 4.0. Images: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. How it's measured
In the same region
Measured cities near Makassar
Same 2 km radius, same index — so they compare directly.
- Watampone120.2 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 22%
- Air quality
- 97
- Parepare128.0 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 25%
- Air quality
- 51
- Palopo254.3 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 19%
- Air quality
- 62
- Baubau352.8 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 26%
- Air quality
- 52
- Kendari365.7 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 19%
- Air quality
- 58
- Labuan Bajo375.6 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 43%
- Air quality
- 51
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Frequently asked
Questions about Makassar
What is the air quality (AQI) in Makassar right now?
The latest reading for Makassar shows an AQI of 105 (Unhealthy for sensitive groups), measured Nov 11, 21:00 local time by the Maros, Indonesia ground monitoring station, 22.8 km away, via OpenAQ. The main pollutant is PM2.5. Sensitive groups should limit long or intense outdoor activity.
Is it safe to exercise outside in Makassar today?
At AQI 105 (Unhealthy for sensitive groups): children, older adults and people with asthma or heart disease should cut down long or hard exercise. Windows: close them to keep the outside air out. Masks: sensitive groups: an N95 outdoors. The reading changes through the day, so check again before a long run or ride.
What has the air quality in Makassar been like this week?
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Makassar's daily AQI at 115 on average, from 103 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 172 on Nov 8. On 7 of those days the average was above 100, unhealthy for sensitive groups.
Is Makassar's AQI the same as Indonesia's ISPU?
No. Airleaf shows the US EPA Air Quality Index (AQI), the scale used by IQAir and most air-quality apps. Indonesia's official index is the ISPU (Indeks Standar Pencemar Udara), published by the environment ministry from its own monitoring stations. Its bands are 0–50 Baik (good), 51–100 Sedang (moderate), 101–200 Tidak Sehat (unhealthy), 201–300 Sangat Tidak Sehat (very unhealthy) and over 300 Berbahaya (hazardous). The two indexes use different breakpoints and averaging times, so the same air can score differently on each.
How much forest has the area around Makassar lost since 2001?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Makassar has lost about 86 hectares of forest (about 120 football pitches): 5.7% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (84%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads. Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Makassar stayed about the same size, at about 1,810 hectares: new forest grew on about 165 hectares, and about 147 hectares were lost.
What is the tree count in Makassar?
Makassar has an estimated 26,075 trees across the 12.57 km² measured — 8.3% tree cover, 27 percentage points short of the 35% tree-cover target set for this area.
How many more trees does Makassar need?
Makassar needs roughly 83,881 more trees to close a 27-point shortfall against its 35% tree-cover target — about 1,845 t of extra CO₂ absorbed per year once grown.
How are Makassar's air quality and tree cover measured?
Air quality is measured by ground monitoring stations near Makassar, via OpenAQ; the 7-day trend is the Open-Meteo / CAMS model's estimate. Tree cover is measured from Sentinel-2 L2A (ESA Copernicus) via Earth Search satellite imagery at 10 m detail across a 2 km radius around Makassar; the tree count is an estimate derived from that cover.
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