City report · Central Java, Indonesia
Surakarta Air quality today
Air quality in Surakarta currently reads AQI 77 (Moderate): Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
AQI 77
Air quality right now
Moderate
- PM2.5, fine particles (µg/m³)
- 23.9
- tree cover
- 12.7%
- trees in this area
- 39.9K
- more trees needed
- 54.4K
Measured across a 2 km radius around Surakarta, Surakarta City, Central Java, Indonesia (12.57 km²), from a satellite image of Sep 24, 2026. Lower AQI is better: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous.
Surakarta · AQI 77 (Moderate)
Surakarta's tree count comes to 39,898 trees across 12.57 km², 17 points below the 30% tree-cover level considered healthy for this area, so roughly 54,350 more trees would close the gap.
Air quality detail
Air quality in Surakarta today: AQI 77, Moderate
Main pollutant: PM2.5 · Observed Nov 11, 06:00 local time via Open-Meteo / CAMS, corrected with 2 ground-station cities within 65 km, US EPA index. Values in µg/m³.
Estimate · model corrected with 2 station cities within 65 km, e.g. Yogyakarta and Yogyakarta
Health signal
Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
PM2.5
23.9
PM10
60.8
NO₂
18.6
O₃
21.0
SO₂
6.7
CO
490.0
- Outdoor exercise
- Fine for most people; unusually sensitive people should take long or hard exercise easier
- Windows
- Fine to open; close them if you are sensitive to pollution
- Mask
- Not needed for most people
- Air purifier
- Worth running if you are sensitive
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Surakarta's daily AQI at 106 on average, from 89 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 183 on Nov 6.
This is the US EPA AQI. How it differs from Indonesia's ISPU
Where Surakarta stands: the most polluted cities in the world right now · the cleanest
Tree cover detail
Tree cover in Surakarta: Critically low
12.7% tree cover against a 30% healthy-neighborhood target, across 12.57 km².
Trees in this area
39,898
Target trees
94,248
More trees needed
54,350
CO₂ if planted / yr
1,196 t
Deforestation · 2001–2025
How much forest has Surakarta lost?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Surakarta has lost about 188 hectares of forest (about 260 football pitches): 3.1% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (91%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for farms, pasture and plantations.
2017: satellite photo from August 2017 of a 5 × 5 km area in the city center.
- Forest lost since 2001
- 188 haabout 260 football pitches
- Share of its forest
- 3.1%of what there was in 2000
- Cleared for good
- 172 hadeforestation: turned into farms, mines or towns
The worst year was 2004, when about 41 hectares of forest were lost.
Hectares of forest lost each year
Show the figures as a table
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 19 ha | 2 ha | 21 ha |
| 2002 | 17 ha | 2 ha | 19 ha |
| 2003 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2004 | 40 ha | 2 ha | 41 ha |
| 2005 | 6 ha | 2 ha | 7 ha |
| 2006 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2007 | 5 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2008 | 4 ha | 2 ha | 5 ha |
| 2009 | 21 ha | under 1 ha | 21 ha |
| 2010 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2011 | 11 ha | 2 ha | 13 ha |
| 2012 | 8 ha | 1 ha | 10 ha |
| 2013 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2014 | 5 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2015 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2016 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2017 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2018 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2019 | 10 ha | under 1 ha | 10 ha |
| 2020 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2021 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2022 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2023 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2024 | 5 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2025 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
What is causing deforestation around Surakarta?
- Farms, pasture and plantationscleared for good70% · 132 ha
- Towns and roadscleared for good21% · 40 ha
- Unknown causescause unknown8.9% · 17 ha
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Forest gained and lost, 2000–2020
- Forest in 2000
- 8,260 ha
- Forest in 2020
- 8,150 ha
- Overall change
- −112 haless forest than in 2000
Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Surakarta stayed about the same size, at about 8,150 hectares: new forest grew on about 176 hectares, and about 288 hectares were lost.
These 2000 and 2020 maps, from the University of Maryland, count any land with trees taller than 5 m as forest, including plantations and orchards. Forest that was cut or burned and had grown back by 2020 counts in both years, so the loss here is smaller than the yearly figures.
These figures cover everything within 10 km of the city center, a wider area than the report above, because forest is usually lost at a city's edges.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. Forest gained and lost 2000–2020: Potapov et al. 2022, UMD GLAD Global Land Cover and Land Use Change, CC BY 4.0. Images: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. How it's measured
In the same region
Measured cities near Surakarta
Same 2 km radius, same index — so they compare directly.
- Klaten29.9 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 26%
- Air quality
- 53
- Salatiga44.9 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 41%
- Air quality
- 169
- Depok, Yogyakarta49.7 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 33%
- Air quality
- 76
- Purwodadi53.0 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 25%
- Air quality
- 182
- Yogyakarta58.2 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 9%
- Air quality
- 76
- Ungaran66.0 km
Indonesia
- Tree cover
- 52%
- Air quality
- 139
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Frequently asked
Questions about Surakarta
What is the air quality (AQI) in Surakarta right now?
The latest reading for Surakarta shows an AQI of 77 (Moderate), observed Nov 11, 06:00 local time via Open-Meteo / CAMS, corrected with 2 ground-station cities within 65 km, US EPA index. The main pollutant is PM2.5. Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
Is it safe to exercise outside in Surakarta today?
At AQI 77 (Moderate): fine for most people; unusually sensitive people should take long or hard exercise easier. Windows: fine to open; close them if you are sensitive to pollution. Masks: not needed for most people. The reading changes through the day, so check again before a long run or ride.
What has the air quality in Surakarta been like this week?
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Surakarta's daily AQI at 106 on average, from 89 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 183 on Nov 6. On 5 of those days the average was above 100, unhealthy for sensitive groups.
Is Surakarta's AQI the same as Indonesia's ISPU?
No. Airleaf shows the US EPA Air Quality Index (AQI), the scale used by IQAir and most air-quality apps. Indonesia's official index is the ISPU (Indeks Standar Pencemar Udara), published by the environment ministry from its own monitoring stations. Its bands are 0–50 Baik (good), 51–100 Sedang (moderate), 101–200 Tidak Sehat (unhealthy), 201–300 Sangat Tidak Sehat (very unhealthy) and over 300 Berbahaya (hazardous). The two indexes use different breakpoints and averaging times, so the same air can score differently on each.
How much forest has the area around Surakarta lost since 2001?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Surakarta has lost about 188 hectares of forest (about 260 football pitches): 3.1% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (91%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for farms, pasture and plantations. Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Surakarta stayed about the same size, at about 8,150 hectares: new forest grew on about 176 hectares, and about 288 hectares were lost.
What is the tree count in Surakarta?
Surakarta has an estimated 39,898 trees across the 12.57 km² measured — 12.7% tree cover, 17 percentage points short of the 30% tree-cover target set for this area.
How many more trees does Surakarta need?
Surakarta needs roughly 54,350 more trees to close a 17-point shortfall against its 30% tree-cover target — about 1,196 t of extra CO₂ absorbed per year once grown.
How are Surakarta's air quality and tree cover measured?
Air quality comes from ground monitoring stations via OpenAQ where one reports nearby, and otherwise, as here, from the Open-Meteo / CAMS model, which may differ from street-level monitors. Tree cover is measured from Sentinel-2 L2A (ESA Copernicus) via Earth Search satellite imagery at 10 m detail across a 2 km radius around Surakarta; the tree count is an estimate derived from that cover.
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