City report · Ontario, Canada
Markham Air quality today
Air quality in Markham currently reads AQI 39 (Good): Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
AQI 39
Air quality right now
Good
- PM2.5, fine particles (µg/m³)
- 7.0
- tree cover
- 39.2%
- trees in this area
- 122K
- more trees needed
- 0
Measured across a 2 km radius around Markham, ON, Canada (12.57 km²), from a satellite image of Sep 12, 2026. Lower AQI is better: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous.
Markham · AQI 39 (Good)
Markham's tree count comes to 121,673 trees across 12.42 km² of land, already at or above the 30% tree-cover level considered healthy for this area.
Air quality detail
Air quality in Markham today: AQI 39, Good
Main pollutant: PM2.5 · Observed Nov 11, 11:00 local time via OpenAQ ground stations, US EPA index. Values in µg/m³.
Ground station · Toronto North, 18.8 km away · median of 2 stations
Health signal
Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
PM2.5
7.0
PM10
—
NO₂
39.5
O₃
23.6
SO₂
0.0
CO
—
Data: OpenAQ · AirNow
- Outdoor exercise
- A good day to be active outside
- Windows
- Open them to air the house
- Mask
- Not needed
- Air purifier
- Not needed
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Markham's daily AQI at 30 on average, from 9 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 56 on Nov 4.
This is the US EPA AQI. How it differs from Canada's AQHI
Where Markham stands: the most polluted cities in the world right now · the cleanest
Tree cover detail
Tree cover in Markham: Healthy tree cover
39.2% tree cover against a 30% healthy-neighborhood target, across 12.42 km² of land.
Trees in this area
121,673
Target trees
121,673
More trees needed
0
CO₂ if planted / yr
0 kg
Deforestation · 2001–2025
How much forest has Markham lost?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Markham has lost about 58 hectares of forest (about 81 football pitches): 1.6% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (75%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads.
2017: satellite photo from September 2017 of a 5 × 5 km area in the city center.
- Forest lost since 2001
- 58 haabout 81 football pitches
- Share of its forest
- 1.6%of what there was in 2000
- Cleared for good
- 44 hadeforestation: turned into farms, mines or towns
The worst year was 2001, when about 15 hectares of forest were lost.
Hectares of forest lost each year
Show the figures as a table
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 14 ha | under 1 ha | 15 ha |
| 2002 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2003 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2004 | 6 ha | 1 ha | 7 ha |
| 2005 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2006 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2007 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2008 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2009 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2010 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2011 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2012 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2013 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2014 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2015 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2016 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2017 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2018 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2019 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2020 | under 1 ha | 2 ha | 3 ha |
| 2021 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2022 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2023 | 3 ha | 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2024 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2025 | under 1 ha | 2 ha | 3 ha |
What is causing deforestation around Markham?
- Towns and roadscleared for good63% · 37 ha
- Farms, pasture and plantationscleared for good12% · 7 ha
- Loggingcan grow back6% · 4 ha
Also: unknown causes.
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Forest gained and lost, 2000–2020
- Forest in 2000
- 6,740 ha
- Forest in 2020
- 7,100 ha
- Overall change
- +355 hamore forest than in 2000
Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Markham grew from about 6,740 hectares to 7,100 hectares, a net gain of about 355 hectares (+5.3%). New forest grew on about 484 hectares, while 128 hectares were lost.
These 2000 and 2020 maps, from the University of Maryland, count any land with trees taller than 5 m as forest, including plantations and orchards. Forest that was cut or burned and had grown back by 2020 counts in both years, so the loss here is smaller than the yearly figures.
These figures cover everything within 10 km of the city center, a wider area than the report above, because forest is usually lost at a city's edges.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. Forest gained and lost 2000–2020: Potapov et al. 2022, UMD GLAD Global Land Cover and Land Use Change, CC BY 4.0. Images: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. How it's measured
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Frequently asked
Questions about Markham
What is the air quality (AQI) in Markham right now?
The latest reading for Markham shows an AQI of 39 (Good), measured Nov 11, 11:00 local time by 2 ground monitoring stations via OpenAQ (the median of their readings; the nearest is Toronto North, 18.8 km away). The main pollutant is PM2.5. Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
Is it safe to exercise outside in Markham today?
At AQI 39 (Good): a good day to be active outside. Windows: open them to air the house. Masks: not needed. The reading changes through the day, so check again before a long run or ride.
What has the air quality in Markham been like this week?
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Markham's daily AQI at 30 on average, from 9 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 56 on Nov 4. No day averaged above 100, the level where the air turns unhealthy for sensitive groups.
Is Markham's AQI the same as Canada's AQHI?
No. Airleaf shows the US EPA Air Quality Index (AQI), the scale used by IQAir and most air-quality apps. Canada's Air Quality Health Index (AQHI), from Environment and Climate Change Canada, runs from 1 to 10 and above: 1–3 low risk, 4–6 moderate, 7–10 high and over 10 very high. It combines ozone, nitrogen dioxide and fine particles into one health-risk number, so it isn't a converted AQI, and the two can move differently, especially in wildfire smoke.
How much forest has the area around Markham lost since 2001?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Markham has lost about 58 hectares of forest (about 81 football pitches): 1.6% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (75%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads. Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Markham grew from about 6,740 hectares to 7,100 hectares, a net gain of about 355 hectares (+5.3%). New forest grew on about 484 hectares, while 128 hectares were lost.
What is the tree count in Markham?
Markham has an estimated 121,673 trees across the 12.42 km² of land measured — 39.2% tree cover, already past the 30% tree-cover target set for this area.
How many more trees does Markham need?
Markham has already reached its tree-cover target, so no additional trees are needed to close the gap.
How are Markham's air quality and tree cover measured?
Air quality is measured by ground monitoring stations near Markham, via OpenAQ; the 7-day trend is the Open-Meteo / CAMS model's estimate. Tree cover is measured from Sentinel-2 L2A (ESA Copernicus) via Earth Search satellite imagery at 10 m detail across a 2 km radius around Markham; the tree count is an estimate derived from that cover.
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