City report · Singapore
Punggol
Measured across a 2 km radius around Punggol Digital District, Singapore (12.57 km²)
- Tree cover
- 32.2%
- Air quality
- 168Unhealthy
- Trees in this area
- 62.6K
- More trees needed
- 15.2K
- Area analyzed
- 7.78 km²land, in a 12.57 km² circle
- Satellite image
- Sep 3, 2026
Punggol's tree count comes to 62,618 trees across 7.78 km² of land — 8 points below the 40% tree-cover level considered healthy for this area, meaning roughly 15,168 more trees would close the gap. Air quality currently reads AQI 168 (Unhealthy): Everyone should limit long outdoor exertion; sensitive groups more so.
Tree cover detail
Tree cover in Punggol: Below target
32.2% tree cover against a 40% healthy-neighborhood target, across 7.78 km² of land.
Trees in this area
62,618
Target trees
77,786
More trees needed
15,168
CO₂ if planted / yr
333.7 t
Air quality detail
Air quality in Punggol today: AQI 168, Unhealthy
Observed Oct 20, 06:05 local time via OpenAQ ground stations, US EPA index. Values in µg/m³.
Ground station · Potong Pasir Singapore, 10.2 km away · median of 9 stations
Health signal
Everyone should limit long outdoor exertion; sensitive groups more so.
PM2.5
80.3
PM10
—
NO₂
—
O₃
—
SO₂
—
CO
—
Data: OpenAQ · AirGradient, Clarity, Bjoern, wht, taglia, One Jervois, Lawliet
Deforestation · 2001–2025
How much forest has Punggol lost?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Punggol has lost about 1,510 hectares of forest (about 2,100 football pitches): 26% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (98%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads.
2017: satellite photo from May 2017 of a 5 × 5 km area about 7 km north-east of the city centre.
- Forest lost since 2001
- 1,510 haabout 2,100 football pitches
- Share of its forest
- 26%of what there was in 2000
- Cleared for good
- 1,490 hadeforestation: turned into farms, mines or towns
Forest loss is slowing down: about 44 hectares a year in 2021–2025, down from 106 hectares a year in 2016–2020. The worst year was 2017, when about 216 hectares of forest were lost.
Hectares of forest lost each year
Show the figures as a table
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 5 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2002 | 25 ha | under 1 ha | 26 ha |
| 2003 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2004 | 20 ha | under 1 ha | 21 ha |
| 2005 | 28 ha | under 1 ha | 29 ha |
| 2006 | 28 ha | under 1 ha | 29 ha |
| 2007 | 55 ha | under 1 ha | 55 ha |
| 2008 | 10 ha | under 1 ha | 10 ha |
| 2009 | 170 ha | under 1 ha | 170 ha |
| 2010 | 35 ha | 1 ha | 36 ha |
| 2011 | 43 ha | under 1 ha | 43 ha |
| 2012 | 64 ha | under 1 ha | 65 ha |
| 2013 | 31 ha | under 1 ha | 31 ha |
| 2014 | 122 ha | 1 ha | 123 ha |
| 2015 | 119 ha | under 1 ha | 119 ha |
| 2016 | 119 ha | under 1 ha | 119 ha |
| 2017 | 201 ha | 15 ha | 216 ha |
| 2018 | 96 ha | 2 ha | 98 ha |
| 2019 | 44 ha | under 1 ha | 44 ha |
| 2020 | 55 ha | under 1 ha | 55 ha |
| 2021 | 58 ha | under 1 ha | 59 ha |
| 2022 | 16 ha | under 1 ha | 16 ha |
| 2023 | 51 ha | under 1 ha | 51 ha |
| 2024 | 37 ha | under 1 ha | 37 ha |
| 2025 | 54 ha | under 1 ha | 54 ha |
What is causing deforestation around Punggol?
- Towns and roadscleared for good75% · 1,140 ha
- Farms, pasture and plantationscleared for good20% · 305 ha
- Mining and energycleared for good3.1% · 48 ha
Also: logging, unknown causes.
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Forest gained and lost, 2000–2020
- Forest in 2000
- 6,670 ha
- Forest in 2020
- 6,210 ha
- Overall change
- −458 haless forest than in 2000
Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Punggol shrank from about 6,670 hectares to 6,210 hectares, a net loss of about 458 hectares (−6.9%). New forest grew on about 976 hectares, but 1,430 hectares were lost.
These 2000 and 2020 maps, from the University of Maryland, count any land with trees taller than 5 m as forest, including plantations and orchards. Forest that was cut or burned and had grown back by 2020 counts in both years, so the loss here is smaller than the yearly figures.
These figures cover everything within 10 km of the city centre, a wider area than the report above, because forest is usually lost at a city's edges.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. Forest gained and lost 2000–2020: Potapov et al. 2022, UMD GLAD Global Land Cover and Land Use Change, CC BY 4.0. Images: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. How it's measured
In the same region
Measured cities near Punggol
Same 2 km radius, same index — so they compare directly.
- Singapore15.2 km
Singapore
- Tree cover
- 18%
- Air quality
- 170
- Pelentong15.3 km
Malaysia
- Tree cover
- 46%
- Air quality
- 170
- Johor Bahru17.5 km
Malaysia
- Tree cover
- 19%
- Air quality
- 168
- Jurong Town22.3 km
Singapore
- Tree cover
- 23%
- Air quality
- 143
- Mukim Pulai29.8 km
Malaysia
- Tree cover
- 43%
- Air quality
- 167
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Frequently asked
Questions about Punggol
What is the tree count in Punggol?
Punggol has an estimated 62,618 trees across the 7.78 km² of land measured — 32.2% tree cover, 8 percentage points short of the 40% tree-cover target set for this area.
How many more trees does Punggol need?
Punggol needs roughly 15,168 more trees to close a 8-point shortfall against its 40% tree-cover target — about 333.7 t of extra CO₂ absorbed per year once grown.
What is the air quality (AQI) in Punggol right now?
The latest reading for Punggol shows an AQI of 168 (Unhealthy), measured Oct 20, 06:05 local time by 9 ground monitoring stations via OpenAQ (the median of their readings; the nearest is Potong Pasir Singapore, 10.2 km away). Everyone should limit long outdoor exertion; sensitive groups more so.
How much forest has the area around Punggol lost since 2001?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Punggol has lost about 1,510 hectares of forest (about 2,100 football pitches): 26% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (98%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for towns and roads. Forest loss is slowing down: about 44 hectares a year in 2021–2025, down from 106 hectares a year in 2016–2020. Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Punggol shrank from about 6,670 hectares to 6,210 hectares, a net loss of about 458 hectares (−6.9%). New forest grew on about 976 hectares, but 1,430 hectares were lost.
How is Punggol's tree cover and air quality measured?
Tree cover is measured from Sentinel-2 L2A (ESA Copernicus) via Earth Search satellite imagery at 10 m detail across a 2 km radius around Punggol Digital District; the tree count is an estimate derived from that cover. Air quality is measured by ground monitoring stations near Punggol Digital District, via OpenAQ; the 7-day trend is the Open-Meteo / CAMS model's estimate.
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