City report · Dagestan, Russia
Makhachkala Air quality today
Air quality in Makhachkala currently reads AQI 31 (Good): Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
AQI 31
Air quality right now
Good
- PM2.5, fine particles (µg/m³)
- 6.4
- tree cover
- 18.5%
- trees in this area
- 49.9K
- more trees needed
- 31.0K
Measured across a 2 km radius around Sovetskiy Rayon, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia (12.57 km²), from a satellite image of Sep 22, 2026. Lower AQI is better: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous.
Makhachkala · AQI 31 (Good)
Makhachkala's tree count comes to 49,867 trees across 10.79 km² of land, 12 points below the 30% tree-cover level considered healthy for this area, so roughly 30,998 more trees would close the gap.
Air quality detail
Air quality in Makhachkala today: AQI 31, Good
Main pollutant: PM2.5 · Observed Nov 11, 01:00 local time via Open-Meteo / CAMS, US EPA index. Values in µg/m³.
Model estimate · no ground station nearby
Health signal
Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
PM2.5
6.4
PM10
6.7
NO₂
2.7
O₃
46.0
SO₂
0.4
CO
145.0
- Outdoor exercise
- A good day to be active outside
- Windows
- Open them to air the house
- Mask
- Not needed
- Air purifier
- Not needed
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Makhachkala's daily AQI at 27 on average, from 18 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 84 on Nov 5.
Where Makhachkala stands: the most polluted cities in the world right now · the cleanest
Tree cover detail
Tree cover in Makhachkala: Below target
18.5% tree cover against a 30% healthy-neighborhood target, across 10.79 km² of land.
Trees in this area
49,867
Target trees
80,865
More trees needed
30,998
CO₂ if planted / yr
682.0 t
Deforestation · 2001–2025
How much forest has Makhachkala lost?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Makhachkala has lost about 20 hectares of forest (about 27 football pitches): under 1% of the forest it had in 2000. The biggest cause was towns and roads (40%). About 8 hectares (41%) was deforestation: forest cleared for good for farms, mines or towns.
2017: satellite photo from September 2017 of a 5 × 5 km area in the city center.
- Forest lost since 2001
- 20 haabout 27 football pitches
- Share of its forest
- under 1%of what there was in 2000
- Cleared for good
- 8 hadeforestation: turned into farms, mines or towns
The worst year was 2022, when about 4 hectares of forest were lost.
Hectares of forest lost each year
Show the figures as a table
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2002 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2003 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2004 | under 1 ha | 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2005 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2006 | 1 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2007 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2008 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2009 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2010 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2011 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2012 | under 1 ha | 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2013 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2014 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2015 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2016 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2017 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2018 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2019 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2020 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2021 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2022 | under 1 ha | 4 ha | 4 ha |
| 2023 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2024 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2025 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
What is causing deforestation around Makhachkala?
- Towns and roadscleared for good40% · 8 ha
- Loggingcan grow back34% · 7 ha
- Farms, pasture and plantationscleared for good1.5% · under 1 ha
Also: wildfires, unknown causes.
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Forest gained and lost, 2000–2020
- Forest in 2000
- 2,540 ha
- Forest in 2020
- 2,590 ha
- Overall change
- +55 hamore forest than in 2000
Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Makhachkala grew from about 2,540 hectares to 2,590 hectares, a net gain of about 55 hectares (+2.2%). New forest grew on about 74 hectares, while 19 hectares were lost.
These 2000 and 2020 maps, from the University of Maryland, count any land with trees taller than 5 m as forest, including plantations and orchards. Forest that was cut or burned and had grown back by 2020 counts in both years, so the loss here is smaller than the yearly figures.
These figures cover everything within 10 km of the city center, a wider area than the report above, because forest is usually lost at a city's edges.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. Forest gained and lost 2000–2020: Potapov et al. 2022, UMD GLAD Global Land Cover and Land Use Change, CC BY 4.0. Images: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. How it's measured
In the same region
Measured cities near Makhachkala
Same 2 km radius, same index — so they compare directly.
- Khasavyurt80.1 km
Russia
- Tree cover
- 15%
- Air quality
- 39
- Derbent120.2 km
Russia
- Tree cover
- 7%
- Air quality
- 52
- Grozny151.6 km
Russia
- Tree cover
- 12%
- Air quality
- 54
- Nazran223.1 km
Russia
- Tree cover
- 26%
- Air quality
- 30
- Vladikavkaz230.2 km
Russia
- Tree cover
- 26%
- Air quality
- 60
- Mingachevir248.8 km
Azerbaijan
- Tree cover
- 29%
- Air quality
- 87
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Frequently asked
Questions about Makhachkala
What is the air quality (AQI) in Makhachkala right now?
The latest reading for Makhachkala shows an AQI of 31 (Good), observed Nov 11, 01:00 local time via Open-Meteo / CAMS, US EPA index. The main pollutant is PM2.5. Air quality is satisfactory for everyone.
Is it safe to exercise outside in Makhachkala today?
At AQI 31 (Good): a good day to be active outside. Windows: open them to air the house. Masks: not needed. The reading changes through the day, so check again before a long run or ride.
What has the air quality in Makhachkala been like this week?
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Makhachkala's daily AQI at 27 on average, from 18 on Nov 9 to an hourly peak of 84 on Nov 5. No day averaged above 100, the level where the air turns unhealthy for sensitive groups.
How much forest has the area around Makhachkala lost since 2001?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Makhachkala has lost about 20 hectares of forest (about 27 football pitches): under 1% of the forest it had in 2000. The biggest cause was towns and roads (40%). About 8 hectares (41%) was deforestation: forest cleared for good for farms, mines or towns. Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Makhachkala grew from about 2,540 hectares to 2,590 hectares, a net gain of about 55 hectares (+2.2%). New forest grew on about 74 hectares, while 19 hectares were lost.
What is the tree count in Makhachkala?
Makhachkala has an estimated 49,867 trees across the 10.79 km² of land measured — 18.5% tree cover, 12 percentage points short of the 30% tree-cover target set for this area.
How many more trees does Makhachkala need?
Makhachkala needs roughly 30,998 more trees to close a 12-point shortfall against its 30% tree-cover target — about 682.0 t of extra CO₂ absorbed per year once grown.
How are Makhachkala's air quality and tree cover measured?
Air quality comes from ground monitoring stations via OpenAQ where one reports nearby, and otherwise, as here, from the Open-Meteo / CAMS model, which may differ from street-level monitors. Tree cover is measured from Sentinel-2 L2A (ESA Copernicus) via Earth Search satellite imagery at 10 m detail across a 2 km radius around Sovetskiy Rayon; the tree count is an estimate derived from that cover.
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