City report · North Holland, The Netherlands
Haarlem Air quality today
Air quality in Haarlem currently reads AQI 70 (Moderate): Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
AQI 70
Air quality right now
Moderate
- PM2.5, fine particles (µg/m³)
- 19.4
- tree cover
- 24.7%
- trees in this area
- 76.6K
- more trees needed
- 16.4K
Measured across a 2 km radius around Centrum, Haarlem, Netherlands (12.57 km²), from a satellite image of Aug 12, 2026. Lower AQI is better: 0–50 is Good, above 300 is Hazardous.
Haarlem · AQI 70 (Moderate)
Haarlem's tree count comes to 76,589 trees across 12.41 km² of land, 5 points below the 30% tree-cover level considered healthy for this area, so roughly 16,434 more trees would close the gap.
Air quality detail
Air quality in Haarlem today: AQI 70, Moderate
Main pollutant: PM2.5 · Observed Nov 11, 17:00 local time via OpenAQ ground stations, US EPA index. Values in µg/m³.
Ground station · IJmuiden-Kanaaldijk, 9.4 km away · median of 3 stations
Health signal
Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
PM2.5
19.4
PM10
21.2
NO₂
14.4
O₃
—
SO₂
0.5
CO
271.0
Data: OpenAQ · EEA
- Outdoor exercise
- Fine for most people; unusually sensitive people should take long or hard exercise easier
- Windows
- Fine to open; close them if you are sensitive to pollution
- Mask
- Not needed for most people
- Air purifier
- Worth running if you are sensitive
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Haarlem's daily AQI at 70 on average, from 41 on Nov 4 to an hourly peak of 102 on Nov 7.
Where Haarlem stands: the most polluted cities in the world right now · the cleanest
Tree cover detail
Tree cover in Haarlem: Below target
24.7% tree cover against a 30% healthy-neighborhood target, across 12.41 km² of land.
Trees in this area
76,589
Target trees
93,023
More trees needed
16,434
CO₂ if planted / yr
361.5 t
Deforestation · 2001–2025
How much forest has Haarlem lost?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Haarlem has lost about 188 hectares of forest (about 260 football pitches): 3% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (83%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for mining and energy.
2018: satellite photo from September 2018 of a 5 × 5 km area about 4 km northwest of the city center.
- Forest lost since 2001
- 188 haabout 260 football pitches
- Share of its forest
- 3%of what there was in 2000
- Cleared for good
- 157 hadeforestation: turned into farms, mines or towns
The worst year was 2021, when about 25 hectares of forest were lost.
Hectares of forest lost each year
Show the figures as a table
| Year | Cleared for good | Can grow back | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 4 ha | 6 ha | 10 ha |
| 2002 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2003 | under 1 ha | 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2004 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2005 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 2 ha |
| 2006 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
| 2007 | 2 ha | 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2008 | 4 ha | 1 ha | 6 ha |
| 2009 | 4 ha | 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2010 | 11 ha | 5 ha | 16 ha |
| 2011 | 2 ha | under 1 ha | 3 ha |
| 2012 | 3 ha | under 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2013 | 2 ha | 1 ha | 4 ha |
| 2014 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2015 | 8 ha | 2 ha | 10 ha |
| 2016 | 13 ha | 2 ha | 15 ha |
| 2017 | 17 ha | 2 ha | 18 ha |
| 2018 | 11 ha | under 1 ha | 11 ha |
| 2019 | 8 ha | under 1 ha | 9 ha |
| 2020 | 4 ha | under 1 ha | 5 ha |
| 2021 | 25 ha | under 1 ha | 25 ha |
| 2022 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | under 1 ha |
| 2023 | 17 ha | 2 ha | 19 ha |
| 2024 | 15 ha | under 1 ha | 16 ha |
| 2025 | under 1 ha | under 1 ha | 1 ha |
What is causing deforestation around Haarlem?
- Mining and energycleared for good37% · 70 ha
- Towns and roadscleared for good31% · 59 ha
- Farms, pasture and plantationscleared for good15% · 27 ha
Also: logging, unknown causes.
Causes for 2025 are estimates, based on what caused forest loss in the same places up to 2024.
Forest gained and lost, 2000–2020
- Forest in 2000
- 4,460 ha
- Forest in 2020
- 4,630 ha
- Overall change
- +176 hamore forest than in 2000
Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Haarlem grew from about 4,460 hectares to 4,630 hectares, a net gain of about 176 hectares (+3.9%). New forest grew on about 414 hectares, while 238 hectares were lost.
These 2000 and 2020 maps, from the University of Maryland, count any land with trees taller than 5 m as forest, including plantations and orchards. Forest that was cut or burned and had grown back by 2020 counts in both years, so the loss here is smaller than the yearly figures.
These figures cover everything within 10 km of the city center, a wider area than the report above, because forest is usually lost at a city's edges.
Source: Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA, Global Forest Change (GFC-2025-v1.13); causes: WRI/Google DeepMind drivers of forest loss; both CC BY 4.0, summed by Airleaf for each area. Forest gained and lost 2000–2020: Potapov et al. 2022, UMD GLAD Global Land Cover and Land Use Change, CC BY 4.0. Images: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data. How it's measured
In the same region
Measured cities near Haarlem
Same 2 km radius, same index — so they compare directly.
- Zaanstad14.4 km
The Netherlands
- Tree cover
- 23%
- Air quality
- 73
- Amsterdam17.2 km
The Netherlands
- Tree cover
- 21%
- Air quality
- 70
- Leiden26.6 km
The Netherlands
- Tree cover
- 30%
- Air quality
- 121
- Zoetermeer37.3 km
The Netherlands
- Tree cover
- 32%
- Air quality
- 103
- Almere Stad39.2 km
The Netherlands
- Tree cover
- 34%
- Air quality
- 106
- The Hague40.9 km
The Netherlands
- Tree cover
- 22%
- Air quality
- 71
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Frequently asked
Questions about Haarlem
What is the air quality (AQI) in Haarlem right now?
The latest reading for Haarlem shows an AQI of 70 (Moderate), measured Nov 11, 17:00 local time by 3 ground monitoring stations via OpenAQ (the median of their readings; the nearest is IJmuiden-Kanaaldijk, 9.4 km away). The main pollutant is PM2.5. Unusually sensitive people should consider limiting long outdoor exertion.
Is it safe to exercise outside in Haarlem today?
At AQI 70 (Moderate): fine for most people; unusually sensitive people should take long or hard exercise easier. Windows: fine to open; close them if you are sensitive to pollution. Masks: not needed for most people. The reading changes through the day, so check again before a long run or ride.
What has the air quality in Haarlem been like this week?
Over the last 7 days, the CAMS air-quality model put Haarlem's daily AQI at 70 on average, from 41 on Nov 4 to an hourly peak of 102 on Nov 7. No day averaged above 100, the level where the air turns unhealthy for sensitive groups.
How much forest has the area around Haarlem lost since 2001?
Since 2001, the area within 10 km of Haarlem has lost about 188 hectares of forest (about 260 football pitches): 3% of the forest it had in 2000. Most of it (83%) was deforestation, forest cleared for good, mainly for mining and energy. Comparing satellite maps from 2000 and 2020, the forest around Haarlem grew from about 4,460 hectares to 4,630 hectares, a net gain of about 176 hectares (+3.9%). New forest grew on about 414 hectares, while 238 hectares were lost.
What is the tree count in Haarlem?
Haarlem has an estimated 76,589 trees across the 12.41 km² of land measured — 24.7% tree cover, 5 percentage points short of the 30% tree-cover target set for this area.
How many more trees does Haarlem need?
Haarlem needs roughly 16,434 more trees to close a 5-point shortfall against its 30% tree-cover target — about 361.5 t of extra CO₂ absorbed per year once grown.
How are Haarlem's air quality and tree cover measured?
Air quality is measured by ground monitoring stations near Centrum, via OpenAQ; the 7-day trend is the Open-Meteo / CAMS model's estimate. Tree cover is measured from Sentinel-2 L2A (ESA Copernicus) via Earth Search satellite imagery at 10 m detail across a 2 km radius around Centrum; the tree count is an estimate derived from that cover.
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